Pituitary tumor directory
【Overview】
Clinical manifestations 【】
Examination】 【
Treatment measures 【】
】 【Treatment
Decreased visual acuity caused by pituitary tumor
 

【Overview】
Pituitary saddle plate is located at the skull base in the pituitary fossa, pituitary stalk from the hypothalamus linked with the size for the long 1.2cm, width 0.8cm, high-0.6cm, weighing about 0.5g, females slightly larger than males, even more evident during pregnancy . Pituitary gland was divided into before and after 2, page for adenohypophysis, neurohypophysis after also; a variety of anterior pituitary hormone secretion, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), secreted (CUI) milk hormone (PRL ), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and urged thyroid
Gland hormone (TSH) and so on. Pituitrin hypothalamus major storage and secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin.
Pituitary adenoma (Pituitary adenoma) Department of benign adenoma, quite common, about 10 million people that is, l cases, there is a growing trend in recent years, especially in women of childbearing age. Beijing Neurosurgical Institute report pituitary tumors accounted for 12.2% of intracranial tumors.
Clinical manifestations 【】
Pituitary as an important endocrine organ, contains a number of endocrine cells, secretion of a variety of endocrine hormones, endocrine If an adenoma cells may be of special clinical manifestation occurred. Its details were as follows:
1. Different types of endocrine pituitary adenoma performance
(1) growth hormone cell adenoma: Early tumor size of only a few millimeters, mainly for excessive secretion of growth hormone. Patients with minor growth can occur too fast, or even develop into a giant. Adults since the performance of acromegaly. Such as the face changes, his forehead large, prominent lower jaw, big nose thick lips, fingers变粗, sleep tight wearing shoes and caps, a larger number of replacement models, and even must be specially produced, and some patients and an increase in appetite, hair, skin coarse, pigmented, finger numbness. From a sense of severe generalized weakness, headache and joint pain, sexual dysfunction, amenorrhea, infertility, and even diabetes.
(2) prolactin cell adenoma: mainly manifested amenorrhea, galactorrhea, infertility, weight loss腋毛who, pale and delicate skin, subcutaneous fat increased, as well as weakness, easy fatigue, lethargy, headaches, sexual dysfunction and so on. Performance for men loss of libido, impotence, breast hyperplasia, sparse beard, who re-genital atrophy, reduced sperm count, infertility, men with no more than women change.
(3), adrenocorticotropic hormone cell adenoma: clinical manifestations of concentric body fat, full moon face, buffalo back, sanguine temperament, large abdomen legs purple skin pattern, such as an increase in vellus hair. Amenorrhea in serious cases, loss of libido, generalized weakness, or even bedridden. Some patients also have high blood pressure, diabetes and so on.
(4), thyroid-stimulating hormone cell tumor: a rare, due to secretion of pituitary thyroid stimulating hormone excessive, causing symptoms of hyperthyroidism, after removal of pituitary tumor in hyperthyroidism symptoms disappear. Otherwise the feedback caused by low thyroid function occurred in focal pituitary gland hyperplasia, gradually developed into a pituitary adenoma, grow up can also be caused by sellar expansion of the oppressed around the symptoms of the Organization.
(5) follicle-stimulating hormone cell adenoma: a very rare, only isolated reports of clinical sexual dysfunction, amenorrhea, infertility, reduced sperm number.
(6) melanin-stimulating hormone cell adenoma: a very rare, only isolated reports of patients with black skin calm, not accompanied by increased cortisol.
(7) endocrine inactive adenomas: the special feeling of the early patients had no tumor grew up to oppression of pituitary insufficiency pituitary of clinical manifestations.
(8) malignant pituitary tumor: a short history, the disease progress rapidly, not only pituitary tumors grow oppression and violations of the four-week, bone destruction caused by saddle or immersion at the end of the cavernous sinus, oculomotor nerve paralysis caused by nerve or outreach. Sometimes, tumor perforation saddle up to the end of the sphenoid sinus, the short-term neurological symptoms not obvious.
2. Visual vision barriers: Early pituitary adenoma obstacles often no visual horizon. Such as the tumor grew, extending upward, oppression optic chiasm, visual field defect appeared, first of all, outside the affected quadrant, the red field of vision was first manifested. Increased after the lesion, more oppression, the white field of vision is also affected by the impact of defect can be gradually extended to two-temporal偏盲. If not treated in time, visual field defect can be expanded, and vision have receded, so blind. Because many benign pituitary tumor, the early lesions sustainable for some time, to be in a serious condition, the visual field of vision suddenly increased the obstacles, if the bias on the side of the tumor can be induced by偏盲or monocular blindness.